什么是化石很多人对这个问题比较感兴趣,下面让我们一起来看浠涔筹,希望可以帮助到你。
浠?涔??????筹?
绠????拌?锛????虫???や唬???╃????浣?????杩圭?杩????剁????浣??ㄥ???ㄥ?颁?锛?缁?杩??挎?????拌川浣??ㄥ????浜????冲ご涓??风??涓?瑗匡???浠???瀹?绉颁负???炽?????冲?ㄨ?浜轰滑?????烘?ヤ互??锛?缁?杩???绌跺??澶???锛??藉?璇存???や唬???╃??瀛??剁??褰㈡??????娲讳??э?杩???瑙i???拌川?拌薄??
浠?涔??????筹?
???虫?????变????朵??ㄤ?瀛??ㄥ?板?涓????板?叉?舵??????绫荤???╃????浣?????杩广?????╃????颁唬???╃?????裤??绻?娈?涓??????姘????′欢?崇郴瀵???锛??や唬???╀??????枫????姝わ????冲氨??涓烘?绉?博灞?涓???绀哄??剁????瑰???????渚??????
姣?濡?锛??ㄧ?崇?板博?板?涓????扮???????筹?灏辩?ラ??褰??惰?????捣?????锛?濡??????????荤被涓???锛?杩???杞???ㄧ??/a>????瓒冲?ㄧ?╁???朵?搴??????╁???筹?灏卞??互???杩????や唬娴锋?涓??????╃????锛?骞舵?ㄦ?褰??跺??版???浜???甫??浜???甫??娴?姘存捣娲????涓???濡??????板ぇ?????ㄥ???筹?????互璁や负褰??惰?????.??锛?濡???妞??╁???充腑妫?姒???妯???绛?杈?涓洪??涓??璇存??褰??舵????甫??浜???甫?板??/a>锛?濡?????澶ч?????锋????浜???绛???璇存??褰??惰???????娓╁甫??瀵?甯﹀?哄????
濡?姝ょ被???浠??板?涓????颁???绉?绫汇???瑰??????冲氨??互澶ц?存?ㄦ????跺??扮???扮????姘????????绛????ゆ?浠ュ?锛?浠?涓????舵????宀╃?充腑??瀛??ㄧ?????崇?绫伙?杩??剧ず?虹???╃??婕??????靛惊??浠?浣?绾у?伴?绾с??浠???濮??板?????瑙?寰?锛???涓??惰???杩?绋????剧ず?洪?舵??с??
???虫???涔??????
??绫? ????瀛︿?/??璇?
瑙f??:
??? Fossil
淇?瀛??ㄥ?板3??宀╃?充腑???ゅ?ㄧ?╂???ゆ??╃????浣???琛ㄦ??????浣?瀛??ㄧ??璇????借?涔????炽??
绠?????璇达????冲氨????娲诲?ㄩ?ヨ???杩??荤?????╃????浣?????杩瑰???????冲ご???ㄦ极?跨???拌川骞翠唬??锛??扮??涓??剧???娲昏????扮?????╋?杩?浜????╂?浜″??????浣???????娲绘??????涓??ョ????杩癸?璁稿??借?褰??剁??娉ユ??╁??璧锋?ャ???ㄩ??????宀???涓??杩?浜????╅??浣?涓??????鸿川??瑙f?灏斤???纭????ㄥ??濡?澶?澹炽??楠ㄩ??????剁?涓????村?ㄥ?ㄥ?寸??娌?绉??╀?璧风?杩??冲??????浜??冲ご锛?浣????浠????ョ??褰㈡????缁???锛????充?浜?缁?寰??????ㄦ????锛?渚??朵?????锛????凤??d????╃??娲绘?剁??涓?????杩逛???互杩??蜂???涓??ャ????浠???杩?浜??冲??浜??????╅??浣?????杩瑰氨绉颁负????br />
璇?婧?锛?
???筹?Fossil锛?涓?璇??ヨ????涓?璇???fossilis??锛??????????烘?ャ??澶у??板???虫???插?????╃???戒?瀛?涓??ョ????纭??ㄥ??锛???涓?杩?浜????╂???ㄥ???抽?????板?虹??瀛?????
???冲?ㄥ???蹭腑
?ㄦ????瀛?璁拌浇??浜虹被???茬???╂??锛???浜?甯???瀛﹁???捐??ㄦ?婕?涓???灞卞?烘??楸煎??娴风??璐?澹崇??瀛??ㄦ??澶уぇ杩锋??????????450 骞村?缃?澶?寰凤?Herodotus锛?娉ㄦ???板????娌?婕?锛?骞舵?纭??拌?涓哄?颁腑娴锋?炬饭娌¤??d??板?恒??
??????400 骞翠???澹??寰峰氨瀹e????虫???辨???虹?╁舰????锛?浣??????充?琚?????ㄥ博?充腑???变??扮?????ㄧ??绁?绉???濉??у??浣??ㄧ??缁?????浠???涓?涓??????濂ヤ??????锛?Theophrastus锛?锛?绾﹀??????350 骞达?涔????轰????充唬琛ㄦ??浜????藉舰寮?锛?浣????璁や负???虫???卞??妞??ㄥ博?充腑??绉?瀛????靛??灞????????????规??娉??Strabo锛?锛?绾﹀??????63 骞村?板????20 骞达?娉ㄦ???版捣?????冲?ㄦ捣骞抽???涓???瀛????姝g‘?版?ㄦ???????璇ョ被???崇??宀╃?虫?惧???板?澶х????????
?ㄤ腑涓?绾???榛????朵唬锛?浜轰滑瀵瑰???虫????绉????风??瑙i??锛?浜轰滑????瑙i??涓鸿???剁????濂??圭?拌薄锛?????瑙i??涓烘???楝肩???瑰??????????璁捐?浠ヤ究?ヨ糠??浜恒??杩?浜?杩蜂俊浠ュ??瀹?????濞?浠?????瀵癸?濡ㄧ?浜????崇??绌惰揪?扮?惧勾??澶х害??5 涓?绾???锛????崇????姝h捣婧?琚??????ュ??浜???浜轰滑??寰?浜????虫???插?????╃??娈?浣?锛?浣?浠??惰?涓烘???虹?f???g?涓???璁拌浇??澶ф椽姘寸????杩广??绉?瀛﹀?涓?绁?瀛﹀???浜?璁哄ぇ绾︽??缁??300 骞淬??
???哄??存?舵??锛???涓??╂?????剁?瀛﹀?锛???????杈捐???璁哄???板???崇???????浠????充富寮?锛?娲?按涓??藉????????宠?璐o?涔???娉?瑙i?????冲?虹?板?ㄩ?灞变???浠?????扮?镐俊锛????虫???や唬???╂????疆????璇????骞惰?涓烘捣娲??捐???杩???澶у?┿??浠?璁や负锛??や唬?ㄧ?╃????浣?琚?繁???ㄦ捣搴?锛??ㄥ???ョ????涓??跺??锛?娴峰???璧烽??烘捣???褰㈡??浜???澶у?╁??宀????ㄥ?????绾???????涔?涓?绾???锛????崇????绌舵??涓?浜??㈠?虹???虹?锛?骞跺舰??涓??ㄧ?瀛︺??浠??f?惰捣锛????冲?浜??拌川瀛﹀?瓒??ヨ???瑕?浜??????充富瑕????颁?娴风?告?绉?博涓??褰?娴锋按涓??绉??╁??崇?拌川杞?偿??娌???璐?澹冲?琚???绱у苟?剁???宀╂?讹?灏卞舰??浜?娴风?告?绉?博????????缃?瑙??????冲?虹?板?ㄧ??北宀╁????璐ㄥ博涓?????北宀╁???ユ???????舵??锛?瀹??????㈡??病?????界??????璐ㄥ博缁???浜???甯稿ぇ????????褰㈡????锛?浣垮???濮???宀╃?充腑?????充????藉??涓轰??????惰??锛??充娇?ㄦ?绉?博涓????淇???涓??ョ??璁板?涔??????插???ㄦ??╃??寰?灏?涓??ㄥ????濡????????板舰?????宠?涓?杩?绋?????瑕??????绘?′欢锛?涔?灏变??剧??瑙d负浠?涔?娌?绉?博涓???淇???涓??ョ??涔??????插???ㄦ??╃??寰?灏?涓??ㄥ????
褰㈡???′欢锛?
?界?朵?涓????╂???﹁?藉舰?????冲???充?璁稿???绱?锛?浣?????涓?涓???绱????烘????锛?
锛?1锛????虹?╁?椤绘?ユ????纭??ㄥ??锛?濡?澹炽??楠ㄣ???????ㄨ川缁?缁????惰??锛??ㄩ??
甯告???╃???′欢涓?锛??充娇????甯歌??寮辩?????╋?濡???????姘存?涔??藉????????炽??
锛?2锛????╁?ㄦ???蹇?椤荤??抽?垮??琚??????濡???涓?涓????╃??韬???ㄥ???拌???纰?????????涓ラ??椋???锛?杩?灏卞???芥?瑰??????娑?璇ョ????╁???????崇?????芥?с??
锛?3锛????╁?椤昏???绉??介?荤???瑙g???╄川杩????板????璧锋?ャ????杩?绉??╁???╄川??绫诲????甯稿???充????╃??瀛????????娴风???ㄧ?╃????浣???甯搁?借?藉???????筹?杩?????涓烘捣???ㄧ?╂?浜″??娌??ㄦ捣搴?锛?琚?蒋娉ヨ?????杞?偿?ㄥ???ョ???拌川?朵唬涓???????椤靛博???崇?板博??杈?缁?绮???娌?绉??╀??????????╃????浣????ㄥ痉?界??渚?缃?绾?????浜?缁?绮?娌?绉?博涓??寰?濂藉?颁?瀛?浜?璇稿?楦?????????姘存?杩??蜂?浜???寮辩?????╃?????炽??
?朵????碉?
浜轰滑宸茬?ラ??锛??遍??杩???北?戒?????北?版?捐???杩??寸??妫???锛??ㄦ.?????充腑???惰?????颁??剁?绔?????锛?浠ュ?濂界??濮挎??琚??瀛?涓??ャ??娴?娌????︽补娌ラ????甯镐??借??????ㄧ?╂?╁??璧锋?ャ???︽补娌ラ????琛?涓哄ソ璞′?涓????烽???界???蜂?锛???璞¢?茶?????介?绘??ㄧ?╁??纭??ㄥ??????瑙c??娲????剁???颁?•??•甯??凤?Rancho laBrea锛?娌ラ??婀??变??ㄥ?朵腑???拌?澶?楠ㄥ???宠???诲??浜?锛??ㄥ?朵腑???扮??楠ㄥ???冲?????跨?????╃??榻跨????????宸ㄥぇ?????版????互???跺?宸茬?缁??????ㄧ?┿???ㄥ?版????瀛?????浜??ㄧ?╃????浣?琚??荤??ㄥ?版???诲??涔?涓????剧?讹?琚??板?荤???ㄧ?╂??????互淇?瀛?涓??ャ??
?界?跺?扮??涓??炬??浼?澶???浜轰滑骞朵??ラ???????╃??瀛?杩?锛???????灏??扮???╃??涓?浜????炽???惰??锛?浣跨???╁???????崇???′欢?充娇?芥弧瓒充?锛?浠??惰????跺?????浣垮???浜????充????浜轰滑???拌???渚?濡?锛?寰?澶????崇?变??伴?㈠?ヨ????琚??村????锛???瀹?????纭??ㄥ??琚??颁?姘村??瑙d???杩???涓?浜????冲???借?淇?瀛??ㄥ博?充腑锛?浣??变?宀╃?崇???浜?寮虹?????╃??????锛?濡?瑜剁?便???????????锛?杩?绉???????互浣垮?????崇??娴风?哥?崇?板博??涓哄ぇ??宀╋???????瀛??ㄤ??崇?板博涓??????╃??浠讳???杩逛?瀹??ㄦ????涔?瀹??ㄦ?澶便??杩???寰?澶????冲??瀛??ㄤ???娉??峰??ヨ?琛???绌剁??娌?绉?博灞?涓??涔?杩???寰?濂藉?洪?蹭??拌〃???????崇??宀╃?冲??甯??ㄤ???涓?????浜??版?癸??存病??杩?琛??拌川瀛︾??绌躲???﹀?涓?涓?????????????????界?变????╃??娈?浣?????纰?????淇?瀛?寰?寰?宸????涓??藉?????剧ず?鸿????╃?????点??
????锛?褰???浠???杩??诲??婧????堕?磋??よ??锛????宠?褰?缂哄け???堕?撮?撮??瓒??裤??宀╃?宠???锛????扮?村???у???????轰?灏辫?澶?锛????充?灏辫???涓???鲸璁ゃ????涓??变?杈??よ???????╁??浠?澶╃?????╀???锛?????瀵瑰?浠??琛???绫诲氨寰??伴?撅?杩?涓????典娇???杩?涓?姝ュ?????浜????惰??锛?灏界?濡?姝わ?澶ч??淇?瀛?涓??ョ?????╁???充?涓烘??浠??璇?杩??绘??渚?寰?濂界??璁板???
?ㄧ?╁??妞??╁???????冲??互??杩?寰?澶?涓?????寰?锛?浣?绌剁???杩??g???寰?锛???甯稿???充?锛?
锛?1锛????╃?????ユ????
锛?2锛?瀹?????瀛????版??br />
锛?3锛????╂???锛?褰卞?????╅??浣???????
澶у??板?ょ???╁?瀹惰?涓虹???╂?浣???淇?瀛?????绉?褰㈠?锛?姣?涓?绉?褰㈠????充????╅??浣??????????????╅??浣???缁???????????
???╃?????ョ????杞??ㄥ??????褰?瀹?琚????ㄨ?藉??绘??舵??杞??ㄥ????瑙g??浠?璐ㄤ腑?讹????藉?浠ヤ?瀛???杩?绉?浠?璐ㄦ???诲?????帮?楗卞??补????澹ゅ???ョ????褰????╁?ㄩ??甯稿共?ョ???′欢涓??????ㄤ?浼?锛?涔??戒?瀛?瀹???韬??涓????ョ????杞??ㄥ????杩?绉????典?????????浜?骞叉?卞?板?烘??娌?婕??板?猴?骞朵??ㄩ??浣?涓?琚????藉?????????典???
澶ф??ㄧ?╂??杞??ㄥ???????冲?浠ヤ?瀛???????????渚?瀛????ㄩ?挎????????瑗夸集?╀????ㄨ?涓や釜?板?虹???诲??涓????扮??澶ч?????荤???澶?姣??????搁??浣?????涓?绉?缁?????璞°??杩?浜?宸ㄥ?芥????宸茶?????杈?5000 骞淬??褰??诲????瑙o????哥????浣?灏辨?撮?插?烘?ャ??涔???浜?灏镐?淇?瀛?寰?寰?涓?濂斤?褰?瀹?浠??撮?插?烘?ユ?讹??惰??琚?????浜?锛??堕?跨??琚?薄?????????????歌薄??姣????板?ㄥ?ㄥ?澶????╅?灞?瑙?锛??????????歌薄????浣????????惧?ㄤ???涓??瀛???
???╄韩浣?????杞??ㄥ???ㄤ?娉㈠?扮??楗卞??补????澹や腑涔????板?帮??ㄨ?????淇?瀛?寰?濂界??涓?绉?缁???????????榧昏??????垮???ㄥ???????ㄦ?板ⅷ瑗垮?ュ???浜??╂??e???娲?绌翠腑????北?i?????颁??版??????澶╃?跺舰?????ㄤ?浼???杩???????绔?共?ョ??娌?婕?姘????藉?浣垮?ㄧ?╃??杞??缁??ㄨ????涔???灏卞?ㄩ?ㄨ?辨按锛?骞惰?戒?瀛??ㄥ????????姣????便???????
???╁???????崇???存??瓒e??涓?瀵诲父??涓?绉??瑰?灏辨???ㄧ?ョ??涓??瀛????や唬???????????浜????舵????娉??虹??绮????舵?????枫??褰??捐??纭????骞惰?涓?姝ュ?????ョ??锛?????究???ㄥ?朵腑????浜???????????琚??瀛?寰???甯稿ソ锛????宠?藉?ㄦ?惧井??涓???绌跺???缁?姣???????缁?缁???
?界?剁???╀???杞??缁???淇?瀛?褰㈡??浜?涓?浜???瓒g????浠や汉?逛负瑙?姝㈢?????筹?浣?杩?绉??瑰?褰㈡???????虫???稿?缃?瑙??????ょ???╁?瀹舵?寸?甯稿?版????绌朵?瀛??ㄥ博?充腑?????炽??
???╀?涓???纭??缁?涔??借?淇?瀛?涓??ャ??宸??澶???????妞??╁???ㄧ?╅?芥?ユ??涓?浜?纭??ㄥ??锛?渚?濡??ゃ??????????锛???妞??ㄧ?╃??????楠ㄥご锛??圭??澶?澹冲???藉????????崇??妞??╃???ㄨ川缁?缁??????╀?????纭??ㄥ???变???互?芥?垫??椋???浣??ㄥ????瀛︿??ㄧ???╄川??????锛???浠ヨ?绫诲???冲??甯???杈???????????妞??ㄧ?╀?濡??ゃ????????????绛???澹虫???辨?硅В?筹?纰抽?搁??锛?缁?????锛??朵腑寰?澶?娌℃??????涔?娌℃???????╃????????琚??瀛?涓??ャ????妞??ㄧ?╃??楠ㄥご????浠ュ??璁稿?????妞??ㄧ?╃??澶??插????纾烽?搁??锛???涓鸿?绉??????╂?垫??椋???浣??ㄧ???藉????甯稿己锛???浠ヨ?澶??辩7?哥??缁??????╄川涔??戒?瀛?涓??ワ?濡??惧???颁???淇?瀛???濂界??楸肩?????辩?璐??浜?姘у??纭?锛?缁?????楠ㄩ?涔??锋??杩?绉??ц川??寰???ょ???╁???崇??纭?璐ㄩ?ㄥ??????浜?娴风坏??杩?纭????????????炽???︿?浜????虹?╁?锋????涓?璐??涓?绉?绫讳技浜????茬???╄川锛???澶??诧???瓒冲?ㄧ?╁???跺????虹?╃????涓?璐ㄥ??插??互??涓哄???筹??变? 瀹?????瀛︽?????????????瑰?锛?浣胯?绉??╄川浠ョ⒊????????褰㈠???淇?瀛?涓??ャ??纰冲??浣???????搁?浣?????????╁????????ㄧ??㈣??????杩?绋?涓???????锛??ㄥ??瑙h?绋?涓?????虹?╅??娓?澶卞?绘????????姘?浣???娑蹭?????锛?浠???涓?纰宠川??????杩?绉?纰冲??浣??ㄥ???ょ??褰㈡??杩?绋??稿?????ㄨ?澶??ゅ?涓???互???板ぇ????纰冲??妞??╁???炽??
?ㄨ?澶??版?癸?妞??┿??楸煎??????妞??ㄧ?╁氨??互杩?绉??瑰?淇?瀛?涓?瀹?浠??????炽??
??浜?纰崇??????绮剧‘?拌?褰?浜?杩?浜????╃????绮剧???缁?????
???宠???互??杩??垮??浣??ㄥ???冲??浣??ㄨ??淇?瀛?涓??ャ??褰????垮?????颁?姘存???跨?╂?娣?浜????╀?????纭??ㄥ?????ㄧ??绌洪?存?讹?浣垮????╃????纭??ㄥ????寰??村??纭????垫??椋???浣??ㄧ???藉???村己??杈????????跨?╂???硅В?炽??浜?姘у??纭?????绉??????????┿????璋?缃?????ㄦ???垮??浣??ㄦ?????╀?????纭??ㄥ??琚??颁?姘存憾瑙o?涓?姝ゅ???跺?跺??╄川?ㄦ??绌哄?烘?ョ??浣?缃??娌?娣?涓??ョ??杩?绋?????浜?缃??㈠舰???????崇????濮?缁???琚?疆?㈢???跨?╂???村????
涓?浠??ㄦ??╃????浣??藉舰?????筹???涓?琛ㄦ??瀹?浠??剧?瀛??ㄨ???璇?????韪?抗涔??借?藉舰?????炽????杩瑰???宠?芥??渚????宠????╃?圭?圭???稿?澶??????点??寰?澶?澹炽??楠ㄣ???朵互?????╃???跺??ㄥ??锛??借?戒互?虫ā???存ā??褰㈠?淇?瀛?涓??ャ??濡???涓?涓??澹冲?ㄦ?绉??╃‖????宀╀???灏辫????ユ捣搴?锛?瀹???澶?琛ㄧ?瑰?灏变???涓????帮??存ā锛???濡????存ā???ュ??琚??﹀?涓?绉??╄川??濉??灏卞舰???虫ā???虫ā?芥?剧ず?鸿?澹虫???ョ??澶??ㄧ?瑰???澶??ㄩ?存ā?剧ず???????╀?纭??ㄥ????澶??ㄧ?瑰?锛????ㄩ?存ā?剧ず???????╀???纭??ㄥ???????ㄧ?瑰???
涓?浜??ㄧ?╀互?????般??瓒宠抗??瀛???绌寸??褰㈠???涓?浜?瀹?浠??剧?瀛??ㄧ??璇?????
?朵腑濡?瓒宠抗锛?涓?浠??借〃???ㄧ?╃??绫诲??锛???涓???渚?浜????崇?????璧???????榫???瓒宠抗???充?浠???ず浜?瀹???瓒崇??澶у???褰㈢?讹?杩???渚?浜????冲????垮害????????绾跨储锛?????瓒宠抗??宀╃?宠??藉府?╃‘瀹???榫???瀛???????′欢??涓???涓???????????榫?瓒宠抗???冲???颁?寰????ㄦ???绱㈢?缁村??跨???????杩???甯??㈣タ娌冲?涓??????藉?╃邯?崇?板博涓??骞翠唬澶х害??.1 浜垮勾??????????榫?瓒宠抗??澶х???崇?板博?胯?杩??板?ㄤ????????╅?涓????涓鸿?绉?宸ㄥぇ????ㄧ?╃????璇?????????妞??ㄧ?╀??界??涓?韪??????ㄨ?澶???宀╁???崇?板博娌?绉????琛ㄩ?㈠??互???板?浠???韪?抗??????妞??ㄧ?╃??韪????㈡??绠?????韪?抗锛?涔????瑰???跺???????娲?绌淬??
杩?浜?韪?????渚?浜????宠?浜????╃??娲诲?ㄦ?瑰?????娲荤?????璇?????娲?绌存???ㄧ?╀负????韬??椋????ㄥ?颁????ㄥご涓????冲ご涓?浠ュ???跺??芥??娲????╄川涓????虹??绠$?舵????娲??剁??瀛?绌达????ヨ?ヨ?缁??╄川??濉??灏卞???藉?浠ヤ?瀛?涓??ャ?????鸿?娲?绌寸???ㄧ?╃????浣??跺?涔??藉?ㄥ??婊℃?涓???娌?绉??╀腑?惧?般???ㄦ?捐蒋??娴峰?锛??????????㈠?ㄧ?┿??杞???ㄧ?╀互???跺??ㄧ?╅?藉????娲?绌淬????浜?杞???ㄧ?╋?濡??胯?硅??????涓?绉??绘?ㄧ???ゃ???宠??锛?Litho- domus锛?????涓?绉??荤?崇???わ?瀹?浠???娲?绌村???冲???诲????充?甯稿父?借????般???ㄤ汉浠????ョ?????よ???????充?涓????绠$?舵????锛????涓鸿?绉?绠$?舵????????????娲?绌淬???ㄨ?澶????よ??????宀╀腑锛?灏辨??杩?绉?绠$?舵??????
?诲?????浜??ㄧ?╀负浜?瑙?椋???????????韬???????娲????诲?缁?甯稿?虹?板?ㄥ???冲????璐?澹炽???ㄥご???跺????╀??????充?涓????诲?涔????绉????炽??璞¢?诲?????杩?绉?椋????ㄧ?╁氨?界┛杩??跺??ㄧ?╃??澹虫?ラ?诲?浠ュ??椋??惰蒋浣??ㄥ????璁稿??や唬杞???ㄧ?╃??澹充?????拌薄???诲??????????撮???娲???
???冲?浜?杩芥函?ㄦ??╃????灞?婕????????ㄧ??锛???涓哄?ㄨ?????宀╃?充腑?????抽??甯告????濮?????杈?绠?????锛????ㄥ勾浠h??扮??宀╃?充腑??绫讳技绉?灞??????冲氨瑕?澶?????楂?绾с??
??浜????充?涓虹???????绀虹?╂?????浠峰?肩????渚?濡???绀?????浼间??绘????娲诲?ㄤ?浠?澶╃?镐技???′欢涓?????姝わ?濡????拌川瀛﹀??惧?颁?????绀????斥????????????琚????????版?癸?灏卞??互?????卞?拌?涓猴?杩?浜???????????宀╃?冲舰??浜?娓╂?????稿?娴???娴蜂腑??杩?灏变娇寰??剧?诲?哄?插???舵??娴风??浣?缃??????存??涓哄???姐??????绀????崇??瀛??ㄨ?????绀哄?哄?や唬姘翠???娣卞害??娓╁害??搴??ㄦ?′欢??????搴︺??
???崇??涓?涓??撮??瑕????ㄩ?????ㄦ?ヨ?琛?瀵规?????纭???ュ共宀╁??村郊姝ょ?镐??崇郴??瀵?????绋?搴︺????杩?瀵规???姣?杈???宀╁????????瑰????筹??拌川瀛﹀???互纭??涓?涓??瑰??哄??????绉??拌川寤洪??????甯??????????冲?ㄥ?拌川???蹭???瀛????堕?寸?稿?????惰???ㄥ?扮????甯?涓??寸?稿?骞挎???杩?绉????宠?绉颁负??绀哄???炽???变?杩?绉????抽??甯稿????????涓??瑰??朵唬??宀╃?冲?辩??锛???浠ュ?ㄥ?姣?涓??瑰?????ㄣ??
寰?????╃?????冲?浜??虫补?拌川宸ヤ???浣?涓烘??绀哄???崇?瑰?????ㄣ??寰???ょ???╁?瀹讹???绌跺井浣??ょ???╃??瀛﹁??锛???杩?瀵逛??诲?涓???寰???宀╁?杩?琛??叉???灏?寰???????冲??绂诲?烘?ワ??跺???ㄦ?惧井??涓?杩?琛???绌躲????杩?瀵硅?浜?缁?灏????ょ???╅??浣?????绌舵???峰???璧???瀵逛??ゆ???颁?宀╁???骞翠唬???ㄦ补?????芥?ф????甯告??浠峰?肩????寰???ょ???╁???冲?浜?涓???娌圭?颁???瑕??????浜??ㄦ补?板??ㄦ??浜??抽??????瀛?????灞??ュ?藉??杩?涓??硅??朵??????跺?寰???ょ???╁???筹?渚?濡?锛?浠?褰㈣????瀛㈠????辩?锛?涔?琚??ㄦ?ョ‘瀹?涓????跺?璁稿??板?虹???颁?宀╁???
?界?舵??╁???冲?浜???绀烘????????????浣??ㄤ??板?瀵规?灏变?寰???????妞??╁???虫??渚?浜?璁稿????虫?翠釜?拌川?朵唬??妞??╂?????璧?????
???崇????绫
?板?涓??????筹?浠??朵?瀛??圭?圭??锛???ぇ?村??涓哄??绫伙?瀹?浣????炽??妯¢?稿???炽????杩瑰???冲????瀛﹀???炽??
1??瀹?浣????筹????ょ???╅??浣???韩??涔??ㄩ?ㄦ???ㄥ??淇?瀛?涓??ョ?????炽?????ョ?????╁?ㄧ?瑰????瀹??????典?锛??垮?浜?绌烘???姘у????缁?????????锛??剁‖浣???杞????互姣?杈?瀹??寸??淇?瀛??????捐??????????渚?濡????歌薄锛?绗???绾??版??瑗夸集?╀??诲??灞?涓??1901骞村???帮?25000骞翠互??锛?涓?浠?楠ㄩ?瀹??达?杩?????姣???琛???锛????宠??涓???╅?戒?瀛?瀹??达???
2??妯¢?稿???筹?灏辨?????╅??浣??ㄥ?板????村博涓???涓????版ā??澶??哥?┿??涓?绫绘???扮??锛??崇???╅??浣??疯?藉?ㄥ?灞?????涓????拌抗锛???浣?寰?寰??????村??锛?浣?杩?绉??拌抗?村????璇ョ???╀???涓昏??瑰???涓??风‖澹崇?????╋??ㄧ?瑰????拌川?′欢涓?锛?涔????瀛??惰蒋浣??扮??锛???甯歌???灏辨????╁?跺????扮????绗??绫绘???版ā???筹??????妯″????妯′袱绉?锛?澶?妯℃????浣???纭??ㄥ??锛?濡?璐?澹筹???澶?琛ㄥ?板?ㄥ?村博涓?????杩癸?瀹??藉????????ョ???╁?琛ㄥ舰????????锛???妯℃??澹充??????㈣疆寤??????板?ㄥ?村博涓?????杩癸??藉????????╃‖浣??????ㄥ舰?????????瑰???渚?濡?璐?澹冲??浜???宀╀腑锛??跺???ㄧ┖??涔?琚?偿娌???濉??褰?娉ユ??虹???宀╄???颁?姘存??澹虫憾瑙d???锛??ㄥ?村博涓?澹冲?琛ㄧ???ヨЕ?????涓?璐?澹崇??澶?妯★??ㄥ?村博涓?澹崇????琛ㄩ?㈢???ヨЕ?????涓???妯°??绗??绫诲?????革?涓??㈡???扮??璐?澹冲????娉ユ???濉??╃О涓哄???革?瀹???琛ㄩ?㈠氨????妯★????哥??褰㈢?跺ぇ灏???澹冲??绌洪?寸???х?跺ぇ灏??哥?锛???????澹冲???㈡??????瀹?浣???濡???澹冲??娌℃??娉ユ?濉???锛?褰?璐?澹虫憾瑙e??涔???涓?涓?涓??澹冲??褰㈢?澶х??绌洪?达?姝ょ┖?村???缁???濉??灏卞舰??涓???澹冲?褰???淬??澶у??哥?????????涓???瀹?浣?锛??崇О澶??搞??澶??歌〃?㈢??褰㈢?跺????澹宠〃????凤????卞?妯″???板?烘?ョ??锛?浠??????ㄥ?????蹇???锛?骞朵?????澹崇?????ㄧ?圭?广??绗???绫绘???稿??锛?褰?璐?澹冲???ㄦ?绉??╀腑锛?宸茬?褰㈡??澶?妯″?????稿??锛?澹宠川?ㄨ?婧惰В锛?????琚??︿?绉??胯川濉??ワ?璞″伐?洪?告????涓??凤?浣垮~?ョ?╀?瀛?璐?澹崇????褰㈠??澶у?锛?杩??峰氨褰㈡??浜??稿????瀹???琛ㄩ??????ヨ?澹崇??澶?楗颁??凤?瀹?浠????ㄨ?????涓?涓????革?浣?澹虫??韩??缁?寰?????娌℃??淇?瀛???
?荤???ヨ?锛?澶?妯″????妯℃??琛ㄧ?扮??绾归グ?瑰?告???典????╂?濂界?稿????澶??镐??稿???ㄥ??ㄥ舰?朵??????╁??ㄤ??达?浣????╃?????ㄦ????琚??村??娑?澶憋??剁?╄川????涓????╀?涓??????充?澶??稿???稿?????哄???ㄤ????????ㄦ病?????革??????????ㄨ????????搞??
3????杩瑰???筹???淇????ㄥ博灞?涓????ょ???╃??娲绘椿?ㄧ????杩瑰?????┿????杩瑰???充腑????瑕?????冻杩癸?姝ゅ?杩??????㈠?ㄧ?╃??????锛???绌达??诲?浠ュ????娲诲?ㄦ花娴峰?板甫????褰㈣?????????娼?绌达?????舰????杩
???炽?????╁???虫?归???寰?寰????ㄧ?╃????娉??╂???碉??????筹?锛???绉??ㄧ?╃??绮????绮??????舰??绮????炽?????界?藉?╃邯?板?涓???榫???涓????诲??锛?杩??诲?ㄥ北涓??遍?冲?板?轰互??杩?骞存?ュ?ㄥ箍涓??????????版??绐?????璧锋?ョ????榫??????炽??
4????瀛﹀???筹??や唬???╃????浣??????借??村??锛????瀛?涓??ワ?浣?缁??????╃?????烘????缁???瑙e??褰㈡??????绉????虹?╁?姘ㄥ?洪?搞???????哥?浠???????ㄥ博灞?涓??杩?绉?瑙?涔???褰??浣?瀹??锋??涓?瀹?????瀛﹀??瀛?缁???瓒充互璇???杩??荤???╃??瀛??ㄧ?????崇О涓哄??瀛﹀???炽??????杩?浠e??瀛︾??绌剁??杩?灞?锛?绉?瀛︽????????楂?锛??や唬???╃?????哄??瀛?锛???姘ㄥ?洪?哥?锛?锛????宀╁?涓???绂诲?烘?ワ?杩?琛??村???绌讹????朵骇??浜?涓??ㄦ?扮??瀛︾????ょ???╁??瀛︺??
5.?规???????
?ョ?????や唬妞??╁??娉??虹??澶ч??????锛??剁??у己??娴?搴﹀ぇ锛????????朵????╅??藉?朵?灏辫?娌剧???娌剧???锛?????缁х画澶?娴?锛?????韩浣?灏卞???借?????瀹??ㄥ??瑁硅捣?ャ???ㄨ?绉????典?锛?澶???绌烘???娉????ワ??翠釜???╂???浠?涔????惧????淇?瀛?涓??ワ?灏辨???ョ????
???歌薄 涓??????榫?楠ㄢ??琚?汉浠??ㄤ?涓?????榫?楠???跺?涓昏????扮??浠e????灏?????ㄧ?冲????澶?绉???妞??ㄧ?╃??楠ㄩ?????榻跨?筹?缁?澶ч?ㄥ??????颁????存?颁????轰钩?ㄧ?╋?璇稿???绫?Rhinocerotidae)??涓?瓒鹃┈(Hipparion spp.)??楣跨被(Cervidae)????绫?Bovidae)??璞$被(Proboscidae)绛???楠ㄩ?????榻匡????冲?剁?惰?????灏???浜虹被?????????充?瑙?涓轰?????浜??遍?楠ㄦ??浜??遍?榻匡?棰??蹭???涓???????璋????姐???扮?芥??榛??斤??????ㄩ??戒??村?澶规????绾㈡??????扮???辩汗锛?姣?杈?濂界??锛?????薄绫荤???ㄩ娇??
浠?涔??????筹?
缁?杩????剁????浣????淇?瀛?浜??板?涓????ょ???╅??浣??????╁????杩广???辩???╃????浣?褰㈡???????冲????浣????炽??瀹?淇????????╀???????褰㈢?跺??缁?????涓????????╃???????跺???ㄧ?╃??璐?澹炽??楠ㄩ?????榻匡?缁?杩??跨?╄川????濉??浣??ㄥ舰??????浣?涔???灏??版???变??规???淇?瀛??′欢?????瑰????瀹??撮??浣?锛?濡??诲??涓??????歌薄???ョ??涓??????????ㄨタ浼??╀????????诲??灞?涓?氨?炬?惧?板????????寸????澶?涓?骞翠互???????歌薄锛?瀹?浠??姣??虹?锛?楠ㄩ??歌?锛???淇??????伴?锛??撮??琛???娌℃??涓??界??????????涓?病??娑?????椋??╀?淇?瀛?浜?涓??ワ??瑰???姝讳?????????????烘?ュ??锛???瀵?????杩???灏?浜????哥????锛??抽??寰?棣??????芥??椤虹???ゅ?涓???????轰?璁稿??ョ?????ㄧ?ョ??涓?父????颁?浜??????????????瀛?绛?锛?浠?浠??芥??000涓?骞翠互???????┿???ㄧ?╃??绮?究???点????濮?浜轰娇?ㄧ???冲?ㄥ舰???????冲?????╁???炽??濡???榫??????炽???ㄧ?╃??瓒宠抗????????????褰㈡???????筹?????杩瑰???炽??濡???榫????板???炽?????虫???ょ???╁?????绌跺?璞★???绫荤???╃?????冲?ㄥ?板??????т?瀹?椤哄??虹?扮??浜?瀹?锛??????╄???????????璇????涓??????冲??拌川瀛︺???扮??瀛︺??澶╂??瀛︾?瀛︾?????绌朵??锋??寰?澶ф??涔???