cpi什么意思很多人对这个问题比较感兴趣,下面让我们一起来看,希望可以帮助到你。
cpi???涔???????淇?璁?/h1> ???ョ?棣?椤?/a>?ㄦ??span class="new-icon">璁よ??ㄦ??/a>瑙?棰?浣???甯?府??/a>璁よ??㈤????浼?浜?img class="triangle_icon" src="https://iknow-zhidao.bdimg.com/static/common-new/widget/menu/img/triangle.47e7008.svg" alt="">浼?涓?濯?浣??垮??朵?缁?缁?????娉?寰????虹?棰??????惧害?ラ??> ????绫?/nav>cpi???涔???????淇?璁?/span>
??????淇??ヨ?锛?浣?????瑙g??CPI???涔??瀹????蜂???????涓??㈡????缁?澶у??寸??????淇?璁?pi???涔?????锛?渚?澶у?????!
??????淇?璁?pi???涔?????
????CPI??a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???? highlight="true">灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼????/a>(consumer price index)??绠?绉般??
????瀹???害??涓?缁?浠h〃?ф?璐瑰?????????¢」????浠锋?兼按骞抽???堕?磋?????ㄧ???稿??帮????ㄦ?ュ????灞?姘?瀹跺涵璐?拱娑?璐瑰?????????$??浠锋?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ???点??
????CPI??姒?蹇?/h4>
????(1) CPI???烘???涔?
????CPI??onsumer price index (娑?璐硅??浠锋?兼????/a>)???辨??绠?绉????介??甯哥О涔?涓哄?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???般??????944骞村??娑???娲昏垂?ㄤ环?兼???扮??缂???寮?濮?姝e????ㄥ?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???般??CPI??????灞?姘?璐?拱骞剁?ㄤ?娑?璐圭??涓?缁?浠h〃?у?????????¢」??环?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ按骞冲?????ㄨ??跨???稿????????甯?灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???板??????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???拌?琛?缁煎??姹??荤??缁??????变?瀵规??烘?????哄??互??????姹??荤??灞?娆℃??????????PI??缂??跺????互涓?涓?绯诲??????:浠h〃瑙??煎????骞冲??浠锋?笺??浠h〃瑙??煎????浠锋?间釜浣????般????搴﹀?烘????绫讳环?兼???般????搴﹀??绫诲??环??a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=???" highlight="true">??????般??姹??荤??瀹??轰环?兼???般??????????般??????姣????般??绱????姣????般??浠ヤ?骞?2??浠锋?间负?烘???????般??
????(2) CPI??涓昏??ㄩ??
?????荤???ヨ?CPI涓昏???涓?涓??ㄩ??:
????涓????涓哄害????璐ц?ㄨ????绱х缉??缁?娴?????,缁?甯哥?ㄤ?琛¢???翠釜缁?娴???涓?????璐ц?ㄨ??,涓哄?藉?瀹?瑙?璋??ф??渚??崇?渚???????璐ц?ㄨ??(??绱х缉)???瑰?琛ㄧ?颁?涓?灏辨???╀环姘村钩??缁????????颁?娑???涓???),姝ゆ?剁?╀环姘村钩?????ㄤ???????杩?CPI?ユ??杩般????姝?CPI??害????璐ц?ㄨ??(??绱х缉)涓昏???缁?娴?????,涔??????借?琛?瀹?瑙?璋??х???????瑕?????渚?????
????浜????ㄤ??芥?缁?娴??哥????ㄦ?哥?GDP??杩?绋?涓?涓轰????や环?煎??绱???褰卞??,??PI瀵规??缁??颁环娑?璐硅?琛?缂╁??,寰??颁??蜂???浠锋??缁?娑?璐广??
????涓????ㄤ????板????璋??淬??CPI??甯哥?ㄤ?瀵瑰伐璧????╂????绉?????绋??朵?绫荤??璐у?娴?
??????杩?琛?璋???缂╁?????颁环璁$??????烘????璐у??跺??浠ラ?ㄥ?????ㄩ?ㄥ?拌ˉ?挎?璐瑰???????′环?兼????娲昏垂?ㄧ??????,琛¢??娑?璐瑰???跺?ョ????瀹????点??CPI涔????ㄤ?瀵规??浜?璐у?璧?浜у??璐??虹??璧???环?艰?琛?璋????????ㄤ?璁$?浣??锋?璐规???虹??璐?拱??骞充环??
????CPI??缂??朵?缁?
????CPI缂??剁??涓昏?????????浜у??绡????纭??--浠锋?兼?版?????堕??--????璧??????堕??--缂??舵?规???????-瀵?a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=CPI???? highlight="true">CPI????/a>缂??跺?瑕???璋??寸???
????(1)浜у??绡????纭?????ㄥ??PI娑电??浜??ㄥ?藉???板??涔″?姘???娲绘?璐圭??椋?????灞?浣??????????ㄥ????琛g????瀹跺涵璁惧??ㄥ????缁翠慨???°???荤??淇??ュ??涓?汉?ㄥ????浜ら??????淇°??濞变????叉?????ㄥ???????$???釜澶х被??39涓?腑绫汇??262涓??烘????绫汇??600浣?绉?????涓????¢」????浠锋?笺???夸环涓?绾冲??PI缁?璁℃???介?????,?ㄦ????PI??缂??朵腑瀵瑰?浣?绫荤??????浣??块???ㄧ????娇?ㄦ?????,涔?灏辨???灞?浣?涓?????浣??挎?璐圭?ㄨ?浣??跨??浼扮?绉????ヤ??般??
????(2)浠锋?兼?版?????堕?????版???ユ?浜??ㄥ??1涓???(?恒??甯?)500澶?涓???裤??6.3涓?涓??ㄥ??PI浠锋?奸?????宠??ョ??????????搴????捐揣搴???瓒?甯???渚垮?╁???涓?涓?甯??恒??涓???搴???璐??╀腑蹇?浠ュ????璐稿??轰???绉????℃?璐瑰??浣?绛?,璋??ヨ???磋???浜? 13涓???/a>灞?姘?瀹跺涵???蜂????芥?疯??绘?规?灏辨???介??涓?缁?涓?瀹??舵????灞?姘?缁?甯告?璐圭????瀵瑰?姘???娲诲奖??杈?澶х??????浠h〃?х???????????¢」??????quot;瀹?浜恒??瀹??广??瀹???rdquo;???瑰??存?ユ淳璋??ュ???拌??ョ??归??????绉??????????¢」????浠锋?兼?ユ??昏?绠???绾т环?兼???般??“瀹?浜?rdquo;??????涓?涓???诲???ㄤ?瀹??舵????璋??ョ?稿????????椤圭??“瀹???rdquo;????璋??ュ??????浠锋?肩??璋??ョ?规??‘瀹???,“瀹???rdquo;????璋??诲??璋??ヤ环?肩???蜂??堕?存??‘瀹?????
????(3)????璧??????堕????CPI涓???????,????姣?涓?澶х被???????????¢」????娑?璐规???哄?ㄥ?姘??ㄩ?ㄥ?????????¢」???绘???轰腑??????姣?????????PI涓?????椤规????,涓昏????规???ㄥ??3涓??峰??涔″?姘?瀹跺涵????绫诲?????????¢」???缁??????烘???纭???????芥?规??010骞村?ㄥ?藉??涔″?姘?娑?璐规???鸿??绘?版??互?????抽?ㄩ?ㄧ??缁?璁℃?版????011骞存???т?琛??跺害瑙?瀹?瀵?PI???版????杩?琛?浜?渚?琛?璋??淬??
????(4) CPI??缂??舵?规???涓??界????姣???缂??剁??CPI??涓や釜?e?:涓?涓?????姣?CPI,??互涓?骞村????涓哄?烘??,????涓?涓??ㄦ??骞寸??浠锋?煎????;涓?涓??????CPI??互涓???(??)
????涓哄?烘??,?藉?瀵圭???堕?村????绐????т环?煎???ㄥ???鸿?????????CPI??璁$??????CPI=(—缁??哄???????褰???浠锋?艰?绠???浠峰??涓?缁??哄????????烘??浠锋?艰?绠???浠峰??X100%??
????浠h〃瑙??煎????骞冲??浠锋?兼???х???绠???钩??娉?锛???涓?涓?????涓????剁?圭???锋???版???琛?骞冲??寰???
????浠h〃瑙??煎????浠锋?间釜浣????扮?存?ョ?ㄦ?ュ??????骞冲??浠锋?奸?や互?烘????骞冲??浠锋?煎??? ??搴﹀?烘????绫讳环?兼???版???у??浣?骞冲??娉???evons???板???璁$?;
?????ュ????瀹??烘?????ュ???????????times;涓???瀹??烘????
????????????? ∑Wt-1Pt/Pt-1锛??朵腑Wt-1 涓烘?ュ???????帮?Pt??Pt-1????负?ュ??????涓???
????浠锋??
??????姣??????ュ????瀹??烘????divide;涓?骞村????瀹??烘????
????绱??骞冲????????勾????瀹??烘???颁???÷涓?骞村????????瀹??烘???颁???锛?褰??ュ????涓?2???讹???涓哄?ㄥ勾绱??骞冲????/a>;
??????瀹?瀵规????????ュ????瀹??烘????divide;涓?骞?2??瀹??烘????
?????ㄤ?杩版???颁腑锛?瀹??烘???扮??缂??堕???ㄩ?惧???寮????版?规?缂??讹?璇ユ?规????????藉??993骞?NA涓??ㄨ??浣跨?ㄧ???规?锛??锋??绉?瀛︽?с?????烘????绫绘???颁?骞村害骞冲?????扮??璁$??规?涓?绗﹀?????扮??缂??跺??????
????瀵圭?拌?CPI璁$??规????虹????/p>
????(1) ?硅???骞村害浠锋?兼???扮??璁$??规???
?????规????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???扮?璁¤??ユ?规???锛????藉勾搴︿环?兼???扮??璁$??规????辨??搴︿环?兼???扮?存?ヨ浆?㈣??寰?锛??惰?绠????涓猴?
????I骞村害=涓?骞寸疮璁″??烘???扮??骞冲??????勾绱??瀹??烘???扮??骞冲????/p>
????涓?杩板???涓?????瀛???姣????????ㄧ???绠???钩??娉?璁$??????ㄨ??规?锛??辨??搴︽?版??浆??负骞村害?版???杈?绠???锛?浣??????ㄧ???钩??娉?瀵圭?稿??版?骞冲??锛?????浜?缁?璁$???烘??????锛?浠や汉璐硅В锛?璁$?缁?????瀹?????涔???
??????浠??????ㄦ?扮???规?璁$?锛?璁$????涓猴?
????I骞村害涓烘??涓??烘????绫诲勾搴︿环?兼????Pi涓虹?i骞村??????骞村钩??浠锋?硷?t
????涓烘?ュ??骞达?
????t-1涓烘?ュ??骞村??涓?骞?Wi 涓烘?????????ㄤ?杩版?楠よ?绠?骞村害浠锋?兼???帮??界?惰?绠???
????杈?澶э?浣????舵??涔???纭??绗﹀??缁?璁″????烘????????
????(2) 璋??村?浣?绫荤????椤规??????绉?绫?/p>
????灏?浣?瀹??????挎???哄???ュ?浣?绫荤???椤圭??腑锛?骞舵?规???跺?ㄥ?ㄥ?藉?姘?娑?璐规???轰腑????姣???锛???楂?灞?浣?绫绘??????
????CPI???版?璐圭?╀环????/h4>
????搴??????璐?拱??娑?璐瑰?????????′环?兼按骞冲???ㄦ???电??瀹?瑙?缁?娴???????瀹???害??涓?缁?浠h〃?ф?璐瑰?????????¢」????浠锋?兼按骞抽???堕?磋?????ㄧ???稿??帮????ㄦ?ュ????灞?姘?瀹跺涵璐?拱娑?璐瑰?????????$??浠锋?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ???点??
????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?肩?璁¤??ョ????ぞ浼?浜у???????¢」??????缁?浠锋?硷?涓??归?㈠??浜烘?缇や?????娲诲????稿?筹????跺?ㄦ?翠釜?芥?缁?娴?浠锋?间?绯讳腑涔??锋????瑕????颁???瀹????琛?缁?娴????????崇???浠锋?兼?绘按骞崇??娴???璋??у???芥?缁?娴??哥?????瑕????????跺???ㄧ???ㄤ?瀹?绋?搴︿?????浜???璐ц?ㄨ????绱х缉??绋?搴︺??涓????ヨ?锛??╀环?ㄩ?㈠?般????缁??颁?娑ㄥ氨琚??涓哄????浜???璐ц?ㄨ????
????1缂??剁????
????CPI??????涓?灞?姘???娲绘???崇??娑?璐瑰???????′环?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ???电????瑕?缁?娴?????锛?涔????瑙?缁?娴?????涓??崇?浠ュ???芥?缁?娴??哥?????瑕???????涓????ヨ?锛?CPI??楂?浣??存?ュ奖?????藉???瀹?瑙?缁?娴?璋??ф???界???哄?颁???搴︼?濡?澶?????﹁????????﹁???a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=瀛?娆惧??澶?????" highlight="true">瀛?娆惧??澶?????绛??????讹?CPI??楂?浣?涔??存?ュ奖??璧??????/a>(濡??$エ甯???/a>)????????
????缂??跺?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???扮??????锛????瑙e?ㄥ?藉???颁环?煎???ㄧ???烘?????碉???????绌朵环?煎???ㄥ?绀句?缁?娴???灞?姘???娲荤??褰卞??锛?婊¤冻??绾ф?垮??跺??跨???璁″????杩?琛?瀹?瑙?璋??х????瑕?锛?浠ュ??涓哄?芥?缁?娴??哥???渚???????渚???/p>
????娑?璐硅???╀环????/a>(CPI)涓?灏变?褰㈠?挎?ュ??(????)缁????ㄤ?璧凤?灏辨??浜?????甯??轰?琚??缁???绌剁???︿?涓????ㄧ??缁?娴?????锛???涓洪??璐ц?ㄨ??褰卞????姣?涓?涓?汉锛?瀹??冲???娑?璐硅???辫垂澶?灏??ヨ喘涔板?????????★?宸﹀?崇????涓?缁??ョ?????????澶у?扮?村????涓?汉??浼?涓?????璧?锛?褰卞??????浼?浜哄??????娲昏川??????涓?锛?瀵归??璐ц?ㄨ????灞??????╀?璁剧??冲?ㄥ???????跺??垮???璐㈡?挎?跨???
????娑?璐硅???╀环???版????????????堕?寸??????锛?????00澶?绉???寮????风???????????¢?跺??环?肩??骞冲???????笺??杩?200澶?绉??????????¤???涓?涓?富瑕???绫诲?????ㄨ?绠?娑?璐硅???╀环???版?讹?姣?涓?涓?被???芥??涓?涓??芥?剧ず?堕??瑕??х?????般??杩?浜????版????杩???????涓?涓???瀹跺涵??涓?汉锛?璋??ヤ?浠?喘涔扮??浜у???????¤??纭?????????版?涓ゅ勾淇??涓?娆★?浠ヤ娇瀹?浠??浜轰滑?瑰??浜?????濂界?哥???
????2涓昏?褰卞??
????CPI???涓?????х???版???浣?瀹?寰?寰?????虹?娴?娲诲?ㄤ??垮?璐у??跨???涓?涓???瑕???????????CPI绋冲???灏变???????GDP澧??垮?寰???????瑕???绀句?缁?娴???????涓?杩?锛?浠?涓??界???板????垫?ョ??锛?CPI??绋冲????堕??瑕??у苟涓?????杈惧?藉???璁や负???f??ldquo;??涓?瀹?????濞??э?甯??虹??缁?娴?娲诲?ㄤ??规??PI???????ヨ???rdquo;??
????瀵规?????褰卞??
??????璐ц?ㄨ??瀵圭?????褰卞??涓?澶???纭?????甯告???靛?ㄤ?涓??ュ悍??缁?娴??╁?涓????楂?缇??????╃???戒娇缇????村?峰?稿?????濡????╃????涓???涓昏??ヨ????璐ц?ㄨ????涓???锛?瀹?灏???瀹崇??????撮?????璐ц?ㄨ??????瀹充?澶??戒汉??????缇?????璧???浠峰?硷???姝?PI????缁????瀵圭?????璐??㈠奖????璐у?浜ゆ????瀵瑰?朵?缁?寰?樊?????????????渚?濡?锛?澶?姹?甯??虹??浜ゆ????璁や负缇????ㄥ凡缁?杩???琛??ㄥ苟?垫椿?у?朵???璐ц?ㄨ????????锛?缇??????藉?淇???瀹???浠峰?肩???冲???笺??
????3?烘??????/p>
????1??搴﹂????璐ц?ㄨ??(??璐х揣缂???CPI??害????璐ц?ㄨ????涓?涓???瑕?????????璐ц?ㄨ?????╀环姘村钩????????缁???涓?????CPI??楂?浣???互?ㄤ?瀹?姘村钩涓?璇存????璐ц?ㄨ????涓ラ??绋?搴?
????2???芥?缁?娴??哥????ㄥ?芥?缁?娴??哥?涓????瑕???绉?浠锋?兼???般??濡?娑?璐硅??浠锋?兼????CPI)????浜ц??浠锋?兼????PPI)浠ュ??GDP骞冲?????帮?瀵?DP杩?琛??哥?锛?浠??????や环?煎??绱???褰卞??;
????3??濂?绾︽???板??璋??淬??渚?濡??ㄨ????ラ????や腑锛???涓洪????甯??????(??涔?)澧??胯?界?哥???楂?浜?CPI锛?甯?????涔????浼???CPI????楂????ㄨ??寸????惰??翠??舵?洪??甯镐???璐ц?ㄨ??????涔???锛?骞?搴﹁?瀹?????璐ц?ㄨ????涓轰?;
????4??????璐у?璐?拱????? 锛?璐у?璐?拱????????浣?璐у??藉?璐?拱?扮??娑?璐瑰???????$???伴????娑?璐硅???╀环???颁?娑??璐у?璐?拱????涓???;??涔???涓?????娑?璐硅???╀环???扮?????板氨??揣甯?璐?拱?????般??
????5??????瀵硅??宸ュ???宸ヨ???褰卞?? 锛?娑?璐硅???╀环???扮????楂????崇??瀹???宸ヨ?????灏?锛?娑?璐硅???╀环???扮??涓???????/p>
??????瀹???宸ヨ?????楂?????姝わ????╃?ㄦ?璐硅???╀环???板???涔?宸ヨ?杞???涓哄???宸ヨ???
????6??CPI瀵硅?″???褰卞??锛?涓??????典?锛??╀环涓?娑???′环涓?娑??╀环涓?璺?锛??′环涔?涓?璺???
????4璁$????
????CPI=(涓?缁??哄???????褰???浠锋?艰?绠???浠峰??涓?缁??哄????????烘??浠锋?艰?绠???浠峰??×100%?????ㄧ?????哄????版??????绠???钩?????板???璁$?锛???'=ΣKW/ΣW锛??哄????颁负W锛??朵腑???涓???瀛???K涓哄??绉?????????涓?????般??
????CPI琛ㄧず瀵规????瀹跺涵?????烘?ヨ?锛?璐?拱?锋??浠h〃?х??涓?缁?????锛??ㄤ?澶╄?姣?杩??绘??涓??堕?村??辫垂澶?灏?锛?渚?濡?锛???995骞存???芥????瀹跺涵姣?涓???璐?拱涓?缁???????璐圭?ㄤ负800??锛???2000骞磋喘涔拌?涓?缁???????璐圭?ㄤ负1000??锛??d?璇ュ??000骞寸??娑?璐逛环?兼???颁负 (浠?995骞翠负?烘??)CPI= 1000/800×100%=125%锛?涔?灏辨???涓?娑ㄤ?(125%-100%)=25%??
?????ㄦ?ュ父涓???浠??村?冲???????璐ц?ㄨ????锛?瀹?琚??涔?涓轰?涓?涓??舵???板?︿?涓??舵??浠锋?兼按骞冲???ㄧ???惧??姣?锛????涓?/p>
????寮?瀛?涓?涓??舵??????璐ц?ㄨ????锛?Pt??P(t-1)????〃绀??舵??(浠h〃?ュ????)??t-1?舵??(浠h〃?烘??)??浠锋?兼按骞炽??
????濡????ㄤ????缁???娑?璐逛环?兼???版?ヨ ??浠锋?兼按骞筹?????璐ц?ㄨ????灏辨??????舵????娑?璐逛环?兼???板???ㄧ???惧??姣??? 濡?锛?涓?涓??娴?浣???娑?璐逛环?兼???颁??诲勾??100澧????颁?骞寸??112锛??d?杩?涓??舵??????璐ц?ㄨ????涓?=(112—100)/100×100%=12%锛?灏辨?????璐ц?ㄨ????涓?2%锛?琛ㄧ?颁负?╀环涓?娑?2%??
?????版??涓??界??CPI???版???规???骞翠负?烘??(100)璁$?寰??虹??锛???骞堕????互???叉??涓?纭???剁?逛?涓哄?烘????
????5琛??????
?????稿?CPI锛?????灏???姘?????瀛h????绱?褰卞??杈?澶х??浜у??浠锋?煎???や?????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???般????013骞达????藉??稿?CPI灏?????纭???瀹?锛?缇??芥?????????椋???浠锋?煎???ゅ????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???颁负?稿?CPI??
????杩?绉??规????╂???辩??界?娴?瀛﹀?????Robert J.Gordon)浜?1975骞存???虹??锛??惰????????藉??974骞?1975骞村???扮?涓?娆$?虫补?辨?虹??褰卞?????虹?颁?杈?澶у?搴︾????璐ц?ㄨ??锛???褰??舵?璐逛环?肩??涓?娑ㄤ富瑕?????椋???浠锋?煎???芥?浠锋?间?娑ㄧ??褰卞????褰??舵??涓?灏?缁?娴?瀛﹀?璁や负缇??藉??????椋???浠锋?煎???芥?浠锋?间?娑??涓昏?????渚?缁???绱???褰卞??锛?????姹????ㄧ??褰卞??杈?灏?锛???姝ゆ???轰?浠?CPI涓??i?ら??????芥?浠锋?肩???????ヨ ??浠锋?兼按骞冲???????规???
????浠?1978骞磋捣锛?缇??藉?冲伐缁?璁″?寮?濮????浠?娑?璐逛环?兼???板????浜т环?兼????PPI)涓????ら??????芥?浠锋?间?????涓?娑ㄧ????浣????灏辨???ㄧ??界?娴?瀛︾??锛??充????﹀?璇ヤ?CPI涓??i?ら??????芥?浠锋?兼?ュ?ゆ??环?兼按骞筹??充?浠??跺??ㄥ?澶т?璁猴???瀵硅??澶ф??浜哄?ㄣ??
????
cpi???涔???????淇???/h1> ???ョ?棣?椤?/a>?ㄦ??span class="new-icon">璁よ??ㄦ??/a>瑙?棰?浣???甯?府??/a>璁よ??㈤????浼?浜?img class="triangle_icon" src="https://iknow-zhidao.bdimg.com/static/common-new/widget/menu/img/triangle.47e7008.svg" alt="">浼?涓?濯?浣??垮??朵?缁?缁?????娉?寰????虹?棰??????惧害?ラ??> ????绫?/nav>cpi???涔???????淇???/span>
????CPI杩?涓??瀵逛???浠??ヨ????芥繁濂ヤ?涓??癸???浠ユ??浠??ヨ?????淇?涓??瑰ソ??瑙d??广??涓??㈡????缁?澶у??寸????cpi???涔?????锛?渚?澶у?????!
????cpi???涔?????
????CPI??a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???? highlight="true">灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼????/a>(consumer price index)??绠?绉般??灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???帮????涓?????灞?姘?瀹跺涵涓?????璐?拱??娑?璐逛环?兼按骞冲???ㄦ???电??瀹?瑙?缁?娴???????瀹???害??涓?缁?浠h〃?ф?璐瑰?????????¢」????浠锋?兼按骞抽???堕?磋?????ㄧ???稿??帮????ㄦ?ュ????灞?姘?瀹跺涵璐?拱娑?璐瑰?????????$??浠锋?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ???点??
????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?肩?璁¤??ョ????ぞ浼?浜у???????¢」??????缁?浠锋?硷?涓??归?㈠??浜烘?缇や?????娲诲????稿?筹????跺?ㄦ?翠釜?芥?缁?娴?浠锋?间?绯讳腑涔??锋????瑕????颁???瀹????琛?缁?娴????????崇???浠锋?兼?绘按骞崇??娴???璋??у???芥?缁?娴??哥?????瑕????????跺???ㄧ???ㄤ?瀹?绋?搴︿?????浜???璐ц?ㄨ????绱х缉??绋?搴︺??涓????ヨ?锛??╀环?ㄩ?㈠?般????缁??颁?娑ㄥ氨琚??涓哄????浜???璐ц?ㄨ????
????濡?浣?瑙h?CPI
????涓??? 姒?蹇?/p>
????CPI (Consumer Price Index 灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???? ???垮??ㄦ?ヨ ????璐ц?ㄨ?????朵腑涓?涓??版????淇???璁?CPI灏辨????轰???璐х?╀环?煎??跨?惧??姣?.涓?????虹?娴??藉?璁や负CPI??-3%灞?浜????ュ?????村??,褰??惰?瑕????朵??版??涓?汉璁や负CPI杩?楂?濮?缁?涓???ソ浜?,楂???缁?娴?澧??跨??浼???楂?CPI,浣??╀环???板??块??搴﹀揩杩?浜烘?骞冲???跺?ョ??澧??块??搴﹀氨涓?瀹?涓???ソ浜?,??涓???钩??宸ヨ???澧??块??搴﹀??捐?瓒?3-4%.
????浜??? CPI????涔?
????CPI?╀环???版?????????????ㄨ???涓???甯?涔?璁蹭?CPI??楂?浣??存?ュ奖??璧??????/a>??????锛?褰卞???藉???瀹?瑙?璋??с????涓??锋????ず?э?蹇?椤绘???????★???涓烘???跺???浜?璇ユ????涓???锛?璐у?姹?????濂斤????跺???稿????
????涓???濡?浣?瑙h?CPI
????娑?璐圭?╀环????/a>姘村钩琛ㄦ??娑?璐硅????璐?拱?藉??锛?涔?????缁?娴???????跺?碉?濡???璇ユ???颁?璺?锛?????缁?娴?琛伴??锛?蹇??跺?璐у?姹???璧板?夸??┿??浣?濡???娑?璐圭?╀环???颁???锛?姹??????︿?瀹????╁ソ??涓?涓?瀹?锛?椤荤??娑?璐圭?╀环????quot;??骞?"濡?浣??????ヨ????板??骞?娓╁??锛???琛ㄧず缁?娴?绋冲???涓?锛?褰??跺?璇ュ?借揣甯????╋?浣?濡???璇ユ???板??骞?杩?澶у?存??涓???奖??锛???涓虹?╀环???颁?璐?拱?藉??????姣?锛??╀环瓒?璐碉?璐у???璐?拱?藉??瓒?浣?锛?蹇??跺?璇ュ?借揣甯?涓??┿??濡???????瀵瑰?╃????褰卞??锛???璇ユ????瀵瑰?姹?姹?????褰卞??浣??ㄦ?村??澶?????褰?涓??界??娑?璐圭?╀环???颁????讹?琛ㄦ??璇ュ?界????璐ц?ㄨ??
??????涓???锛?浜﹀?虫??揣甯???璐?拱????寮憋??稿??锛?褰?涓??界??娑?璐圭?╀环???颁????讹?琛ㄦ??璇ュ?界????璐ц?ㄨ????涓???锛?浜﹀?虫??揣甯???璐?拱??涓?????浣????变???涓??藉???浠ユ?у?堕??璐ц?ㄨ??涓洪?瑕?浠诲?★???璐ц?ㄨ??涓??????朵害甯︽?ュ?╃??涓??????轰?锛???姝わ??????╁ソ璇ヨ揣甯?????濡???璐ц?ㄨ???????版?у?惰??涓?璺?锛??╃??浜﹀???惰?浜????姐??
??????????涓?被??/p>
????姝ゅ?锛?浜?瀹?涓?CPI宸茬?????浜?灞?浣?娑?璐逛环?肩?????ㄣ??涓?灏???????璧?浜?浠锋?煎???ㄧ撼??PI缁?璁¤???达?涓?浠h〃CPI 涓?????灞?浣?绫?娑?璐?浠锋?肩?????????点??CPI涓??浣?绫讳环?肩??????????杩???涓?被???ュ??????锛?
????1??寤烘?垮??瑁?淇?????锛?涓昏??????︾??a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=???? highlight="true">????/a>??姘存偿????宸ュ????绛???
????2??绉??匡?涓昏??????垮??绉??挎?跨?????????
????3??????浣??匡?涓昏????垮?璐锋??╃?????╀?璐圭?????????点??杩????????虹??????????藉?涓?浜??藉?灏辨????杩?浣??胯捶娆惧?╃???????ュ????????浣??跨??浠锋?煎????(??璁轰??????????浣??夸?绠℃??捶娆炬?????杩????????ㄨ????????芥??互璐??胯???褰㈠?瀛??ㄧ??锛??充???繁??浣?瀹???互璐у?褰㈠?瀛??ㄧ??锛???璐??胯?????浠锋?煎氨??捶娆惧?╃??锛???姝ゆ?垮?璐锋??╃????????涔?灏卞????浜?????浣??跨??浠锋?煎????)??
????4??姘淬???点????????浠锋?煎??????
????CPI瀵硅?″???褰卞??
????涓??????典?锛??╀环涓?娑???′环涓?娑??╀环涓?璺?锛??′环涔?涓?璺???????浠锋?煎??$エ甯??轰环?肩??褰卞??涓昏?琛ㄧ?板?ㄤ互涓???涓??归???
????1.????浠锋?煎?虹?扮????娑??涓?骞?搴︿????澶э?浣??╀环涓?娑ㄧ??澶т???璐峰?╃????涓?娑ㄧ???讹????稿?瀛???????浠峰?间???锛??变?浜у??浠锋?间?娑ㄧ??骞?搴﹂?浜???璐锋??????涓?娑ㄥ?搴︺??浜??????稿?╂鼎涓???锛??$エ浠锋?间?浼???姝よ??涓?????
????2.????浠锋?间?娑ㄥ?搴﹁?澶э??′环娌℃???稿?涓???锛?????浼?涓?????杩?????涓猴??╀环涓?娑ㄥ?璧峰????a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=??浜ф???? highlight="true">??浜ф????/a>涓???锛???涓?????????????娉???杩???????????瀹??ㄨ浆瀚??哄?伙?浠???浣垮???哥???╂鼎??浣?锛??′环涔???涔???浣???
????3.?╀环涓?娑??????甯??虹??浜ゆ?????扮??e?存?烘?讹????舵???$エ姝i?蜂?浣?娌????跺??锛?浜轰滑??》浜????舵?璐癸?浣胯?′环涓?璺?;褰?????甯??轰?娑ㄥ??璺??讹???????浜???璧??$エ????濂芥?舵?猴?浠???寮?璧疯?′环涓?娑ㄣ??
????4.?╀环??缁??娑??寮?璧疯?$エ??璧?????淇?????璇???浣??ㄥ???锛???姝や娇??璧???浠??″?涓??藉?烘?ワ?杞??????ㄤ骇??涓??ㄤ骇锛?濡??垮?颁骇??璐甸????灞?绛?淇??兼?у己???╁??涓?锛?甯︽?ヨ?$エ??姹?????浣?锛?????浣胯?′环涓?璺???
????缁?娴??辨??/a>??缁?娴?澶????舵??锛?CPI???℃????娑ㄥ??璺???缁?娴?绻??f?舵??涔?????凤?浣?杩?搴︾??d???灏辩?娴?琛伴???舵??锛?CPI瓒?楂??℃??瓒?璺?! 濂芥??板???CPI?舵?瑙?椤讹??$エ???㈡定娑?
????杞诲井娓╁????涓?娑ㄥ??″???淇?杩?浣????浣??舵?т?娑ㄤ????昏?″?锛???涓烘?舵?т?娑ㄤ?瀵逛?甯????镐骇??璐??㈠奖??锛????舵?垮?浼?????绱х缉??璐у??跨?锛?瀵艰?磋?″?璧???娴??恒??
????CPI娑?璐硅???╀环????Consumer Price Index)锛?浜︾О灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???帮???????涓?灞?姘???娲绘???崇?????????冲?′环?肩?璁″?烘?ョ???╀环???ㄦ????锛???甯镐?涓鸿?瀵???璐ц?ㄨ??姘村钩????瑕???????涓?????ワ?褰?CPI>3%??澧?骞??跺??О涓?nflation锛??抽??璐ц?ㄨ??;??褰?CPI>5%??澧?骞??剁О涓?erious Inflation锛?灏辨??弗??????璐ц?ㄨ????
??????璁轰?璁诧?CPI涓??″?娑ㄨ?涓?瀛??ㄥ?芥?板?崇郴??浣?纭???介??杩?璧????㈢??渚?姹??崇郴褰卞???拌?″????ㄥ??剧??璐у??跨?涓?锛??惰?瀛?璐峰?╃???借?浣?锛??d??惰?瀵圭ぞ浼?娴??ㄦ?ц????稿???灏变???浣?锛??惰??ㄨ??瀛?娆炬?婚????充??虹?拌?澧??裤?????″????垮?颁骇绛???璧?甯??洪???灏变??稿?娴??ㄦ?ц???杩??ワ?缁ц????楂??夸环???℃????浣??℃??涓????戒?????缁???涓?娑??甯???a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=娴??ㄨ???" highlight="true">娴??ㄨ???杩?澶???锛?CPI涔?浼???缁??娑???藉?蹇?灏???澶ц揣甯???璐㈡?挎?跨?璋??寸????搴︼??哄?扮揣缂╂?у?瑙?璋??ф?跨???濡?杩?缁??璋???涓??惰?瀛?娆惧??澶????????????娴??ㄨ???绱х己?垮?浼?瀵艰?宠?″?锛?璧???灏变?浠??垮????″?涓???猴?瀵艰?磋?℃?????夸环????????
????CPI涓?娑ㄧ??杩?绋?涓????妯?????绾靛??涓ょ?归??瑕?娉ㄦ??锛?
????1??浠?妯???琛?涓??存?杈???锛?CPI????缁??娑ㄥ?寮????″?缁????ц??淬?????戒互寰?????璐ц?ㄨ??澶у?涓昏??变?璐у?杩?澶?寮?璧风??锛?浣?杩?澶???璐у?骞堕??骞冲???????舵?????涓??涓?锛???????娴??ュ己?块?ㄩ?ㄦ??寮哄?胯?涓?????姝わ?涓?涓??舵????涓?浜?姣?杈?娲昏????垮??灏????戒???绋冲?????涓???寮哄???藉??跨?榧??辨????淇??ょ??琛?涓??垮??灏??????借??ユ?扮??澧??垮?ㄦ??;??瀵逛??藉????剁??浼?缁?浜т?锛???灏?????PI????缁??娑ㄥ??璋??ф?跨?褰卞?????藉?虹?板?╂鼎涓?????琛?涓??垮???$エ浠锋?煎?涓?璺???
????2??浠?绾靛??CPI涓?????灞??舵????锛?CPI????缁??娑ㄤ???绀鸿?″???璧???璀︽??璧?浜т环?奸??┿????PI涓???????(娓╁??????)锛???璧??瑰??浼?杞????″?杩??烽????ョ????璧?甯??恒????PI??涓?娑ㄥ????浼??????舵?ч????锛?杩?浼?瀵艰?翠?甯????哥??璧??????????(浼?涓?璐锋??????????)锛????╁??灏?锛?浣胯?$エ??甯???????楂????????″?娉℃搏瓒??ヨ?澶э??$エ浠锋?肩?浼?涓???锛??跺?璧??????稿???浼???娓???寮憋????堕?惰??╃????涓?????楂?锛??℃?瀵硅?$エ??璧?娆叉????灏?锛????鸿?″?涓??????璧???锛?瀵艰?磋?℃??涓?璺???
???????叉?版????绌舵?剧ず锛?褰?娓╁??????(CPI锛?2%-5%)?讹?娌???????褰卞????灏?锛????宠?浼?????涓?琛?(濡?2007骞存勃??)???ㄦ俯???????舵??锛?????浠锋?煎井骞?涓?娑??浼??烘?浼?涓??╂鼎??涓?瀹???
????澧???锛?杈惧?板??????灏?婧?环锛?杩???瀵硅?″???姝i?㈠奖????褰?CPI绐???%浠ュ??锛?涓????ヨ?锛?娌????颁??遍?╂??锛????伴????ㄩ《?ㄧ淮??绋冲?虹??姒???涓?澶э?浣??颁??????芥?т?瓒??ヨ?澶с?????戒?娆′弗????璐ц?ㄨ??澶ф?? 1993骞?1994骞达?姝ゆ??舵??娌?????绯?绯?琛ㄧ?板ぇ瀹舵?????辩?广??褰?涓ラ????????????锛?璐у???搴︾揣缂╋?浼?涓??╂鼎澶у?搴︿???锛??″????朵?杩枫??楂?浣?????????甯???
????
cpi???涔???????淇?璁?/h1> ???ョ?棣?椤?/a>?ㄦ??span class="new-icon">璁よ??ㄦ??/a>瑙?棰?浣???甯?府??/a>璁よ??㈤????浼?浜?img class="triangle_icon" src="https://iknow-zhidao.bdimg.com/static/common-new/widget/menu/img/triangle.47e7008.svg" alt="">浼?涓?濯?浣??垮??朵?缁?缁?????娉?寰????虹?棰??????惧害?ラ??> ????绫?/nav>cpi???涔???????淇?璁?/span>
??????淇??ヨ?锛?浣?????瑙g??CPI???涔??瀹????蜂???????涓??㈡????缁?澶у??寸??????淇?璁?pi???涔?????锛?渚?澶у?????!
??????淇?璁?pi???涔?????
????CPI??a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???? highlight="true">灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼????/a>(consumer price index)??绠?绉般??
????瀹???害??涓?缁?浠h〃?ф?璐瑰?????????¢」????浠锋?兼按骞抽???堕?磋?????ㄧ???稿??帮????ㄦ?ュ????灞?姘?瀹跺涵璐?拱娑?璐瑰?????????$??浠锋?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ???点??
????CPI??姒?蹇?/h4>
????(1) CPI???烘???涔?
????CPI??onsumer price index (娑?璐硅??浠锋?兼????/a>)???辨??绠?绉????介??甯哥О涔?涓哄?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???般??????944骞村??娑???娲昏垂?ㄤ环?兼???扮??缂???寮?濮?姝e????ㄥ?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???般??CPI??????灞?姘?璐?拱骞剁?ㄤ?娑?璐圭??涓?缁?浠h〃?у?????????¢」??环?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ按骞冲?????ㄨ??跨???稿????????甯?灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???板??????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???拌?琛?缁煎??姹??荤??缁??????变?瀵规??烘?????哄??互??????姹??荤??灞?娆℃??????????PI??缂??跺????互涓?涓?绯诲??????:浠h〃瑙??煎????骞冲??浠锋?笺??浠h〃瑙??煎????浠锋?间釜浣????般????搴﹀?烘????绫讳环?兼???般????搴﹀??绫诲??环??a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=???" highlight="true">??????般??姹??荤??瀹??轰环?兼???般??????????般??????姣????般??绱????姣????般??浠ヤ?骞?2??浠锋?间负?烘???????般??
????(2) CPI??涓昏??ㄩ??
?????荤???ヨ?CPI涓昏???涓?涓??ㄩ??:
????涓????涓哄害????璐ц?ㄨ????绱х缉??缁?娴?????,缁?甯哥?ㄤ?琛¢???翠釜缁?娴???涓?????璐ц?ㄨ??,涓哄?藉?瀹?瑙?璋??ф??渚??崇?渚???????璐ц?ㄨ??(??绱х缉)???瑰?琛ㄧ?颁?涓?灏辨???╀环姘村钩??缁????????颁?娑???涓???),姝ゆ?剁?╀环姘村钩?????ㄤ???????杩?CPI?ユ??杩般????姝?CPI??害????璐ц?ㄨ??(??绱х缉)涓昏???缁?娴?????,涔??????借?琛?瀹?瑙?璋??х???????瑕?????渚?????
????浜????ㄤ??芥?缁?娴??哥????ㄦ?哥?GDP??杩?绋?涓?涓轰????や环?煎??绱???褰卞??,??PI瀵规??缁??颁环娑?璐硅?琛?缂╁??,寰??颁??蜂???浠锋??缁?娑?璐广??
????涓????ㄤ????板????璋??淬??CPI??甯哥?ㄤ?瀵瑰伐璧????╂????绉?????绋??朵?绫荤??璐у?娴?
??????杩?琛?璋???缂╁?????颁环璁$??????烘????璐у??跺??浠ラ?ㄥ?????ㄩ?ㄥ?拌ˉ?挎?璐瑰???????′环?兼????娲昏垂?ㄧ??????,琛¢??娑?璐瑰???跺?ョ????瀹????点??CPI涔????ㄤ?瀵规??浜?璐у?璧?浜у??璐??虹??璧???环?艰?琛?璋????????ㄤ?璁$?浣??锋?璐规???虹??璐?拱??骞充环??
????CPI??缂??朵?缁?
????CPI缂??剁??涓昏?????????浜у??绡????纭??--浠锋?兼?版?????堕??--????璧??????堕??--缂??舵?规???????-瀵?a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=CPI???? highlight="true">CPI????/a>缂??跺?瑕???璋??寸???
????(1)浜у??绡????纭?????ㄥ??PI娑电??浜??ㄥ?藉???板??涔″?姘???娲绘?璐圭??椋?????灞?浣??????????ㄥ????琛g????瀹跺涵璁惧??ㄥ????缁翠慨???°???荤??淇??ュ??涓?汉?ㄥ????浜ら??????淇°??濞变????叉?????ㄥ???????$???釜澶х被??39涓?腑绫汇??262涓??烘????绫汇??600浣?绉?????涓????¢」????浠锋?笺???夸环涓?绾冲??PI缁?璁℃???介?????,?ㄦ????PI??缂??朵腑瀵瑰?浣?绫荤??????浣??块???ㄧ????娇?ㄦ?????,涔?灏辨???灞?浣?涓?????浣??挎?璐圭?ㄨ?浣??跨??浼扮?绉????ヤ??般??
????(2)浠锋?兼?版?????堕?????版???ユ?浜??ㄥ??1涓???(?恒??甯?)500澶?涓???裤??6.3涓?涓??ㄥ??PI浠锋?奸?????宠??ョ??????????搴????捐揣搴???瓒?甯???渚垮?╁???涓?涓?甯??恒??涓???搴???璐??╀腑蹇?浠ュ????璐稿??轰???绉????℃?璐瑰??浣?绛?,璋??ヨ???磋???浜? 13涓???/a>灞?姘?瀹跺涵???蜂????芥?疯??绘?规?灏辨???介??涓?缁?涓?瀹??舵????灞?姘?缁?甯告?璐圭????瀵瑰?姘???娲诲奖??杈?澶х??????浠h〃?х???????????¢」??????quot;瀹?浜恒??瀹??广??瀹???rdquo;???瑰??存?ユ淳璋??ュ???拌??ョ??归??????绉??????????¢」????浠锋?兼?ユ??昏?绠???绾т环?兼???般??“瀹?浜?rdquo;??????涓?涓???诲???ㄤ?瀹??舵????璋??ョ?稿????????椤圭??“瀹???rdquo;????璋??ュ??????浠锋?肩??璋??ョ?规??‘瀹???,“瀹???rdquo;????璋??诲??璋??ヤ环?肩???蜂??堕?存??‘瀹?????
????(3)????璧??????堕????CPI涓???????,????姣?涓?澶х被???????????¢」????娑?璐规???哄?ㄥ?姘??ㄩ?ㄥ?????????¢」???绘???轰腑??????姣?????????PI涓?????椤规????,涓昏????规???ㄥ??3涓??峰??涔″?姘?瀹跺涵????绫诲?????????¢」???缁??????烘???纭???????芥?规??010骞村?ㄥ?藉??涔″?姘?娑?璐规???鸿??绘?版??互?????抽?ㄩ?ㄧ??缁?璁℃?版????011骞存???т?琛??跺害瑙?瀹?瀵?PI???版????杩?琛?浜?渚?琛?璋??淬??
????(4) CPI??缂??舵?规???涓??界????姣???缂??剁??CPI??涓や釜?e?:涓?涓?????姣?CPI,??互涓?骞村????涓哄?烘??,????涓?涓??ㄦ??骞寸??浠锋?煎????;涓?涓??????CPI??互涓???(??)
????涓哄?烘??,?藉?瀵圭???堕?村????绐????т环?煎???ㄥ???鸿?????????CPI??璁$??????CPI=(—缁??哄???????褰???浠锋?艰?绠???浠峰??涓?缁??哄????????烘??浠锋?艰?绠???浠峰??X100%??
????浠h〃瑙??煎????骞冲??浠锋?兼???х???绠???钩??娉?锛???涓?涓?????涓????剁?圭???锋???版???琛?骞冲??寰???
????浠h〃瑙??煎????浠锋?间釜浣????扮?存?ョ?ㄦ?ュ??????骞冲??浠锋?奸?や互?烘????骞冲??浠锋?煎??? ??搴﹀?烘????绫讳环?兼???版???у??浣?骞冲??娉???evons???板???璁$?;
?????ュ????瀹??烘?????ュ???????????times;涓???瀹??烘????
????????????? ∑Wt-1Pt/Pt-1锛??朵腑Wt-1 涓烘?ュ???????帮?Pt??Pt-1????负?ュ??????涓???
????浠锋??
??????姣??????ュ????瀹??烘????divide;涓?骞村????瀹??烘????
????绱??骞冲????????勾????瀹??烘???颁???÷涓?骞村????????瀹??烘???颁???锛?褰??ュ????涓?2???讹???涓哄?ㄥ勾绱??骞冲????/a>;
??????瀹?瀵规????????ュ????瀹??烘????divide;涓?骞?2??瀹??烘????
?????ㄤ?杩版???颁腑锛?瀹??烘???扮??缂??堕???ㄩ?惧???寮????版?规?缂??讹?璇ユ?规????????藉??993骞?NA涓??ㄨ??浣跨?ㄧ???规?锛??锋??绉?瀛︽?с?????烘????绫绘???颁?骞村害骞冲?????扮??璁$??规?涓?绗﹀?????扮??缂??跺??????
????瀵圭?拌?CPI璁$??规????虹????/p>
????(1) ?硅???骞村害浠锋?兼???扮??璁$??规???
?????规????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???扮?璁¤??ユ?规???锛????藉勾搴︿环?兼???扮??璁$??规????辨??搴︿环?兼???扮?存?ヨ浆?㈣??寰?锛??惰?绠????涓猴?
????I骞村害=涓?骞寸疮璁″??烘???扮??骞冲??????勾绱??瀹??烘???扮??骞冲????/p>
????涓?杩板???涓?????瀛???姣????????ㄧ???绠???钩??娉?璁$??????ㄨ??规?锛??辨??搴︽?版??浆??负骞村害?版???杈?绠???锛?浣??????ㄧ???钩??娉?瀵圭?稿??版?骞冲??锛?????浜?缁?璁$???烘??????锛?浠や汉璐硅В锛?璁$?缁?????瀹?????涔???
??????浠??????ㄦ?扮???规?璁$?锛?璁$????涓猴?
????I骞村害涓烘??涓??烘????绫诲勾搴︿环?兼????Pi涓虹?i骞村??????骞村钩??浠锋?硷?t
????涓烘?ュ??骞达?
????t-1涓烘?ュ??骞村??涓?骞?Wi 涓烘?????????ㄤ?杩版?楠よ?绠?骞村害浠锋?兼???帮??界?惰?绠???
????杈?澶э?浣????舵??涔???纭??绗﹀??缁?璁″????烘????????
????(2) 璋??村?浣?绫荤????椤规??????绉?绫?/p>
????灏?浣?瀹??????挎???哄???ュ?浣?绫荤???椤圭??腑锛?骞舵?规???跺?ㄥ?ㄥ?藉?姘?娑?璐规???轰腑????姣???锛???楂?灞?浣?绫绘??????
????CPI???版?璐圭?╀环????/h4>
????搴??????璐?拱??娑?璐瑰?????????′环?兼按骞冲???ㄦ???电??瀹?瑙?缁?娴???????瀹???害??涓?缁?浠h〃?ф?璐瑰?????????¢」????浠锋?兼按骞抽???堕?磋?????ㄧ???稿??帮????ㄦ?ュ????灞?姘?瀹跺涵璐?拱娑?璐瑰?????????$??浠锋?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ???点??
????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?肩?璁¤??ョ????ぞ浼?浜у???????¢」??????缁?浠锋?硷?涓??归?㈠??浜烘?缇や?????娲诲????稿?筹????跺?ㄦ?翠釜?芥?缁?娴?浠锋?间?绯讳腑涔??锋????瑕????颁???瀹????琛?缁?娴????????崇???浠锋?兼?绘按骞崇??娴???璋??у???芥?缁?娴??哥?????瑕????????跺???ㄧ???ㄤ?瀹?绋?搴︿?????浜???璐ц?ㄨ????绱х缉??绋?搴︺??涓????ヨ?锛??╀环?ㄩ?㈠?般????缁??颁?娑ㄥ氨琚??涓哄????浜???璐ц?ㄨ????
????1缂??剁????
????CPI??????涓?灞?姘???娲绘???崇??娑?璐瑰???????′环?兼按骞崇?????ㄦ???电????瑕?缁?娴?????锛?涔????瑙?缁?娴?????涓??崇?浠ュ???芥?缁?娴??哥?????瑕???????涓????ヨ?锛?CPI??楂?浣??存?ュ奖?????藉???瀹?瑙?缁?娴?璋??ф???界???哄?颁???搴︼?濡?澶?????﹁????????﹁???a href="https://zhidao.baidu.com/search?word=瀛?娆惧??澶?????" highlight="true">瀛?娆惧??澶?????绛??????讹?CPI??楂?浣?涔??存?ュ奖??璧??????/a>(濡??$エ甯???/a>)????????
????缂??跺?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???扮??????锛????瑙e?ㄥ?藉???颁环?煎???ㄧ???烘?????碉???????绌朵环?煎???ㄥ?绀句?缁?娴???灞?姘???娲荤??褰卞??锛?婊¤冻??绾ф?垮??跺??跨???璁″????杩?琛?瀹?瑙?璋??х????瑕?锛?浠ュ??涓哄?芥?缁?娴??哥???渚???????渚???/p>
????娑?璐硅???╀环????/a>(CPI)涓?灏变?褰㈠?挎?ュ??(????)缁????ㄤ?璧凤?灏辨??浜?????甯??轰?琚??缁???绌剁???︿?涓????ㄧ??缁?娴?????锛???涓洪??璐ц?ㄨ??褰卞????姣?涓?涓?汉锛?瀹??冲???娑?璐硅???辫垂澶?灏??ヨ喘涔板?????????★?宸﹀?崇????涓?缁??ョ?????????澶у?扮?村????涓?汉??浼?涓?????璧?锛?褰卞??????浼?浜哄??????娲昏川??????涓?锛?瀵归??璐ц?ㄨ????灞??????╀?璁剧??冲?ㄥ???????跺??垮???璐㈡?挎?跨???
????娑?璐硅???╀环???版????????????堕?寸??????锛?????00澶?绉???寮????风???????????¢?跺??环?肩??骞冲???????笺??杩?200澶?绉??????????¤???涓?涓?富瑕???绫诲?????ㄨ?绠?娑?璐硅???╀环???版?讹?姣?涓?涓?被???芥??涓?涓??芥?剧ず?堕??瑕??х?????般??杩?浜????版????杩???????涓?涓???瀹跺涵??涓?汉锛?璋??ヤ?浠?喘涔扮??浜у???????¤??纭?????????版?涓ゅ勾淇??涓?娆★?浠ヤ娇瀹?浠??浜轰滑?瑰??浜?????濂界?哥???
????2涓昏?褰卞??
????CPI???涓?????х???版???浣?瀹?寰?寰?????虹?娴?娲诲?ㄤ??垮?璐у??跨???涓?涓???瑕???????????CPI绋冲???灏变???????GDP澧??垮?寰???????瑕???绀句?缁?娴???????涓?杩?锛?浠?涓??界???板????垫?ョ??锛?CPI??绋冲????堕??瑕??у苟涓?????杈惧?藉???璁や负???f??ldquo;??涓?瀹?????濞??э?甯??虹??缁?娴?娲诲?ㄤ??规??PI???????ヨ???rdquo;??
????瀵规?????褰卞??
??????璐ц?ㄨ??瀵圭?????褰卞??涓?澶???纭?????甯告???靛?ㄤ?涓??ュ悍??缁?娴??╁?涓????楂?缇??????╃???戒娇缇????村?峰?稿?????濡????╃????涓???涓昏??ヨ????璐ц?ㄨ????涓???锛?瀹?灏???瀹崇??????撮?????璐ц?ㄨ??????瀹充?澶??戒汉??????缇?????璧???浠峰?硷???姝?PI????缁????瀵圭?????璐??㈠奖????璐у?浜ゆ????瀵瑰?朵?缁?寰?樊?????????????渚?濡?锛?澶?姹?甯??虹??浜ゆ????璁や负缇????ㄥ凡缁?杩???琛??ㄥ苟?垫椿?у?朵???璐ц?ㄨ????????锛?缇??????藉?淇???瀹???浠峰?肩???冲???笺??
????3?烘??????/p>
????1??搴﹂????璐ц?ㄨ??(??璐х揣缂???CPI??害????璐ц?ㄨ????涓?涓???瑕?????????璐ц?ㄨ?????╀环姘村钩????????缁???涓?????CPI??楂?浣???互?ㄤ?瀹?姘村钩涓?璇存????璐ц?ㄨ????涓ラ??绋?搴?
????2???芥?缁?娴??哥????ㄥ?芥?缁?娴??哥?涓????瑕???绉?浠锋?兼???般??濡?娑?璐硅??浠锋?兼????CPI)????浜ц??浠锋?兼????PPI)浠ュ??GDP骞冲?????帮?瀵?DP杩?琛??哥?锛?浠??????や环?煎??绱???褰卞??;
????3??濂?绾︽???板??璋??淬??渚?濡??ㄨ????ラ????や腑锛???涓洪????甯??????(??涔?)澧??胯?界?哥???楂?浜?CPI锛?甯?????涔????浼???CPI????楂????ㄨ??寸????惰??翠??舵?洪??甯镐???璐ц?ㄨ??????涔???锛?骞?搴﹁?瀹?????璐ц?ㄨ????涓轰?;
????4??????璐у?璐?拱????? 锛?璐у?璐?拱????????浣?璐у??藉?璐?拱?扮??娑?璐瑰???????$???伴????娑?璐硅???╀环???颁?娑??璐у?璐?拱????涓???;??涔???涓?????娑?璐硅???╀环???扮?????板氨??揣甯?璐?拱?????般??
????5??????瀵硅??宸ュ???宸ヨ???褰卞?? 锛?娑?璐硅???╀环???扮????楂????崇??瀹???宸ヨ?????灏?锛?娑?璐硅???╀环???扮??涓???????/p>
??????瀹???宸ヨ?????楂?????姝わ????╃?ㄦ?璐硅???╀环???板???涔?宸ヨ?杞???涓哄???宸ヨ???
????6??CPI瀵硅?″???褰卞??锛?涓??????典?锛??╀环涓?娑???′环涓?娑??╀环涓?璺?锛??′环涔?涓?璺???
????4璁$????
????CPI=(涓?缁??哄???????褰???浠锋?艰?绠???浠峰??涓?缁??哄????????烘??浠锋?艰?绠???浠峰??×100%?????ㄧ?????哄????版??????绠???钩?????板???璁$?锛???'=ΣKW/ΣW锛??哄????颁负W锛??朵腑???涓???瀛???K涓哄??绉?????????涓?????般??
????CPI琛ㄧず瀵规????瀹跺涵?????烘?ヨ?锛?璐?拱?锋??浠h〃?х??涓?缁?????锛??ㄤ?澶╄?姣?杩??绘??涓??堕?村??辫垂澶?灏?锛?渚?濡?锛???995骞存???芥????瀹跺涵姣?涓???璐?拱涓?缁???????璐圭?ㄤ负800??锛???2000骞磋喘涔拌?涓?缁???????璐圭?ㄤ负1000??锛??d?璇ュ??000骞寸??娑?璐逛环?兼???颁负 (浠?995骞翠负?烘??)CPI= 1000/800×100%=125%锛?涔?灏辨???涓?娑ㄤ?(125%-100%)=25%??
?????ㄦ?ュ父涓???浠??村?冲???????璐ц?ㄨ????锛?瀹?琚??涔?涓轰?涓?涓??舵???板?︿?涓??舵??浠锋?兼按骞冲???ㄧ???惧??姣?锛????涓?/p>
????寮?瀛?涓?涓??舵??????璐ц?ㄨ????锛?Pt??P(t-1)????〃绀??舵??(浠h〃?ュ????)??t-1?舵??(浠h〃?烘??)??浠锋?兼按骞炽??
????濡????ㄤ????缁???娑?璐逛环?兼???版?ヨ ??浠锋?兼按骞筹?????璐ц?ㄨ????灏辨??????舵????娑?璐逛环?兼???板???ㄧ???惧??姣??? 濡?锛?涓?涓??娴?浣???娑?璐逛环?兼???颁??诲勾??100澧????颁?骞寸??112锛??d?杩?涓??舵??????璐ц?ㄨ????涓?=(112—100)/100×100%=12%锛?灏辨?????璐ц?ㄨ????涓?2%锛?琛ㄧ?颁负?╀环涓?娑?2%??
?????版??涓??界??CPI???版???规???骞翠负?烘??(100)璁$?寰??虹??锛???骞堕????互???叉??涓?纭???剁?逛?涓哄?烘????
????5琛??????
?????稿?CPI锛?????灏???姘?????瀛h????绱?褰卞??杈?澶х??浜у??浠锋?煎???や?????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???般????013骞达????藉??稿?CPI灏?????纭???瀹?锛?缇??芥?????????椋???浠锋?煎???ゅ????灞?姘?娑?璐逛环?兼???颁负?稿?CPI??
????杩?绉??规????╂???辩??界?娴?瀛﹀?????Robert J.Gordon)浜?1975骞存???虹??锛??惰????????藉??974骞?1975骞村???扮?涓?娆$?虫补?辨?虹??褰卞?????虹?颁?杈?澶у?搴︾????璐ц?ㄨ??锛???褰??舵?璐逛环?肩??涓?娑ㄤ富瑕?????椋???浠锋?煎???芥?浠锋?间?娑ㄧ??褰卞????褰??舵??涓?灏?缁?娴?瀛﹀?璁や负缇??藉??????椋???浠锋?煎???芥?浠锋?间?娑??涓昏?????渚?缁???绱???褰卞??锛?????姹????ㄧ??褰卞??杈?灏?锛???姝ゆ???轰?浠?CPI涓??i?ら??????芥?浠锋?肩???????ヨ ??浠锋?兼按骞冲???????规???
????浠?1978骞磋捣锛?缇??藉?冲伐缁?璁″?寮?濮????浠?娑?璐逛环?兼???板????浜т环?兼????PPI)涓????ら??????芥?浠锋?间?????涓?娑ㄧ????浣????灏辨???ㄧ??界?娴?瀛︾??锛??充????﹀?璇ヤ?CPI涓??i?ら??????芥?浠锋?兼?ュ?ゆ??环?兼按骞筹??充?浠??跺??ㄥ?澶т?璁猴???瀵硅??澶ф??浜哄?ㄣ??
????